AGP is the abbreviation of Accelerated Graphics Port, which is a dedicated expansion slot for graphics cards. It is developed on the basis of PCI graphics interface. The AGP specification was introduced by Intel Corporation to solve the problem of poor computer processing (mainly display) 3D graphics capabilities. AGP is not a bus, but an interface. As 3D games become more and more complex, a large number of 3D special effects and textures are used, which makes the original PCI bus with a transmission rate of 133MB / Sec more and more overwhelmed. For this reason, Intel has introduced an AGP interface with high bandwidth . This is a graphics interface that is very different from the PCI bus. It is completely independent of the PCI bus and directly connects the graphics card to the motherboard control chip. This makes the 3D graphics data omits the process of crossing the PCI bus, which is a good solution. The system bottleneck problem caused by the low-bandwidth PCI interface. It can be said that AGP replaces PCI to become a new graphics port is an inevitable development of technology.
AGP slot standardAGP standard: AGP standard is divided into AGP1.0 (AGP 1X and AGP 2X), AGP2.0 (AGP 4X), AGP3.0 (AGP 8X).
The commonly used AGP interfaces are AGP4X, AGP PRO, AGP universal and AGP8X interfaces. It should be noted that because the rated voltage of the AGP3.0 graphics card is 0.8-1.5V, the AGP8X graphics card cannot be inserted into the AGP1.0 specification slot. This means that the AGP8X specification is not compatible with the old AGP1X / 2X mode. For the AGP4X system, the AGP8X graphics card still works on it, but it will only work in the AGP4X mode and cannot take advantage of the AGP8X.
AGP 1.0 (AGP1X, AGP2X)
In July 1996, the AGP 1.0 graphics standard came out, divided into 1X and 2X modes, and the data transmission bandwidth reached 266MB / S and 533MB / S, respectively. This graphic interface specification is formed by expanding and strengthening on the basis of the 66MHz PCI2.1 specification. Its operating frequency is 66MHz and the operating voltage is 3.3v, which basically meets the needs of the display device and the system to exchange data within a period of time. The AGP bandwidth in this specification is very small, and it has now been eliminated, only seen on older motherboards in previous years.
AGP2.0 (AGP4X)
With the rapid development of display chips, the data that can be processed by graphics cards per unit time has increased exponentially. The AGP 1.0 graphics standard is becoming more and more difficult to meet technological advances, so AGP 2.0 came into being. In May 1998, the AGP 2.0 specification was officially released, and the operating frequency was still 66MHz, but the operating voltage was reduced to 1.5v, and the 4x mode was added, so that its data transmission bandwidth reached 1066MB / Sec, and the data transmission capacity was greatly enhanced .
AGP Pro
The AGP Pro interface was introduced simultaneously with AGP 2.0. This is a graphics interface standard developed to meet the reality of increasing power consumption of display devices. The main feature of the graphics interface using this technology is slightly longer than AGP 4x, which is longer Some can accommodate more power pins, so that this interface can drive AGP graphics cards that consume more power (25-110w) or have more processing power. This standard is actually designed for high-end graphics workstations and is fully compatible with the AGP 4x specification, so that AGP 4x graphics cards can also be inserted into this slot for normal use. AGP Pro extends on both sides of the original AGP slot to provide additional power. It is used to enhance rather than replace the function of the existing AGP slot. According to the different energy provided, AGP Pro can be subdivided into AGP Pro110 and AGP Pro50. AGP Pro slots can also be seen on some high-end desktop motherboards, such as many ASUS motherboards.
AGP3.0 (AGP8X)
In August 2000, Intel introduced the AGP3.0 specification and the operating voltage was reduced to 0.8V. In order to prevent users from using non-0.8V graphics cards in the AGP 0.8V slot, Intel specifically added electronic IDs for the AGP 3.0 slot and the motherboard. Can support 1.5V and 0.8V signal voltage. And increased 8x mode, so that its data transmission bandwidth reached 2133MB / Sec, data transmission capacity relative to AGP 4X doubled growth, can better meet the current bandwidth requirements of display devices.
Different AGP interfaces have different mode transmission methods. In 1X mode AGP, the operating frequency reaches twice the PCI bus—66MHz, and the transmission bandwidth can theoretically reach 266MB / S. The working frequency of AGP 2X is also 66MHz, but it uses the working mode triggered by positive and negative edges (the rising edge and falling edge of one clock cycle). In this trigger mode, the rising and falling edges of one clock cycle are transmitted once Data, so that a working cycle is triggered twice, and the transmission bandwidth is doubled, and the working frequency of this trigger signal is 133MHz, so that the transmission bandwidth of AGP 2X reaches 266MB / S & TImes; 2 (trigger times ) = Height of 533MB / S. AGP 4X still uses this kind of signal triggering method, but uses two trigger signals to cause two triggers on the falling edge of each clock cycle respectively, so as to achieve the purpose of triggering 4 times in one clock cycle, so in theory it You can reach 266MB / S & TImes; 2 (single signal trigger times) & TImes; 2 (number of signals) = 1066MB / S bandwidth. In the AGP 8X specification, this trigger mode is still used, but the operating frequency of the trigger signal becomes 266MHz, the trigger point of the two signals also becomes the rising edge of each clock cycle, and the number of single signal triggers is 4 times, so it The data that can be transmitted in one clock cycle has changed from 4 times of AGP4X to 8 times, and the theoretical transmission bandwidth can reach 266MB / S & TImes; 4 (single signal trigger times) × 2 (number of signals) = 2133MB / S Alright.
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