Nowadays, the sharing war is getting worse and stronger. After Moby, Xiao Huang and Xiao Lan are constantly emerging. While “sharing” brings convenience to everyone, it is also undergoing a severe test. In order to prevent bicycles from being cracked, strict and reliable security measures must be taken to escort the products.

Seeing those who have been scraped away from the number plate, as a shared bicycle, as an engineer, I can't help but think that the code that I developed overtime may be read by others in minutes, which is quite worrying. These are real. The former "car" lesson.

In the face of increasingly important intellectual property protection, most chip manufacturers have perfected a secure code protection scheme for chip design - chip encryption. The encryption methods of different vendors are mainly divided into several categories:

· Level 1 encryption (erasable);

· Secondary encryption (password encryption);

· Three levels of encryption (plus "dead").

Different chips may provide one or more levels of encryption, and flexible use of encryption schemes according to different needs can be achieved.

Primary encryption

This encryption method is recommended if your product may need to be upgraded.

Level 1 encryption is divided into multiple forms. The most common form is often called "Protect" in the chip manual. If you try to read the code in the chip after encryption, it will read all 0x00, or all 0xFF, or even random data, but you can reset the chip by some special methods, such as erasing or deprotecting. Is the default state.

Another common type of ARM chip, we know that the ARM chip uses a unified programming interface SWD interface, some ARM chips will provide two AP (Access Port), can achieve the purpose of encryption by closing the AP accessing the internal space. If you want to unlock, you need to access another AP. This AP can only access one register, and the chip can be reset to the default state by writing specific data to the register.

There is another encryption method similar to the above, except that two programming interfaces are used instead of two APs of the same programming interface.

In short, the first level of encryption is that you can not read the chip data, and you can upgrade the firmware again by erasing.

Secondary encryption

If your product needs to be upgraded, but you don't want others to upgrade your firmware at will, you can use this encryption.

The difference between the secondary encryption and the primary encryption is that the secondary encryption needs to provide a password when encrypting, and the password is saved inside the chip, and if you want to reset the chip, you need to provide this password. This prevents a party that does not have permission (do not know the password) to upgrade the code.

Secondary encryption is password-protected encryption, but some vendors' chips may not offer this encryption scheme.

Three-level encryption

If your product is to be mass-produced, and you don't have to consider upgrading the firmware, you can use this encryption method.

Three-level encryption is an irreversible process by writing specific data to a specific location on the chip, or by directly blowing the fuse. Once encrypted, the chip can no longer be erased, read or burned, or even the emulator. It is no longer possible to connect the chip.

Three-level encryption is a non-return. Once encrypted, the firmware of the chip can no longer be changed, so it is necessary to be cautious and careful.

These three encryption methods protect the product at a higher level than the first level. Flexible use of different encryption methods on different products can protect their labor results without being bound by such protection.

Although the encryption method is various, it is ultimately to perform some specific operations on the chip to protect the code.

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