Vince Fioramon, a senior international asset analyst at Alpha Eqiuty Mangement, suddenly realized in 2001 that since there will be more and more valuable investment information on the network, more and more manufacturers will be based on the information The importance and relevance of providing software that can collect and interpret this information.
Semantic network will become a weapon for enterprise development
FioramonTI said: "I used to have an analysis team that specializes in collecting and analyzing financial information for companies. However, their processing speed is extremely slow, and their conclusions are often too subjective, and sometimes even contradictory.
In the second year, FioramonTI switched to Autonomy Group's semantic platform, the Intelligent Data Operations Layer (IDOL), to automatically process various forms of digital information. They encountered an obstacle in deployment: IDOL only provided commonly used semantic algorithms. FioramonTI said that Alpha Equity Management had to form a team of programmers and financial analysts to develop algorithms and metadata for finance. Due to the high cost, the company finally gave up the project.
Alpha Equity Management ushered in a new opportunity in 2008 when they participated in the Machine Readable News service of Thomson Reuters. The service can collect and analyze online news from more than 3,000 Reuters reporters, and third-party resources such as online newspapers and blogs. Then, based on influence (if the public's impression of the company or product), relevance and novelty, these materials are analyzed and scored.
These results will be continuously provided to clients, including public relations and marketing personnel, stock traders using an automated "black box trading" system, and fund managers collecting data for long-term investment decisions.
Fioramonti said the service is not cheap per month. It is estimated that the cost of real-time data updates is between £ 15,000 and £ 50,000 per month. However, for Alpha Equity Management, the service is really worth the money. He said the information not only helped improve the company's asset returns, but also helped the company beat many competitors.
The experience of Alpha Equity Management is not the only case. Whether a company decides to build a similar internal system or decide to hire a service provider, it usually costs a lot of money to use the Semantic Web technology. If the information searched and analyzed includes jargon, concepts, and abbreviations for specific business areas, then the same can be achieved.
In the following, we will introduce you to the tools that can help commercial deployment and use the Semantic Web foundation, and what else is needed to realize the potential of this technology.
Key criteria
According to the concept proposed by Tim Berners-Lee, the core of the Semantic Web is Federated Search. It can search for thousands of information sources on the Internet through search engines, agents or applications, discover and semantically analyze relevant content, and accurately retrieve the products, answers or information that users are looking for.
Although joint search is gradually gaining popularity, especially on Windows 7, there is still a long way to go before it becomes widespread across the entire network.
To effectively promote joint search, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has developed several key standards that define the basic semantic infrastructure. They include:
• Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL), which defines a standard language for querying and accessing data.
• Resource Description Framework (RDF) and RDF Mode (RDFS), which regulates how to state and organize information in a semantic ontology (also called a vocabulary).
• Web Ontology Language (OWL), which details the ontology and some RDFS principles.
The finalization of these standards has been supported by major Semantic Web platform vendors such as Cambridge Semantics, Expert System, Revlytix, Endeca, Lexalytics, Autonomy and Topquadrant.
Major web search engines such as Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft Bing have begun to use semantic metadata to distinguish search results and have begun to support W3C standards such as RDF.
Now Oracle, enterprise software vendors and IBM have also joined the research and development of the Semantic Web, and launched Oracle Database 11g semantic technology, SAS ontology management tools and IBM InfoSphere BigInsights tools.
The purpose of the W3C standard is to resolve inconsistencies in the organization, description, and presentation of information by different organizations, and to pave the way for cross-domain semantic query and joint search.
Michael Lang, CEO of Revelytix, the manufacturer of ontology management tools, described the benefits of using the W3C standard. He said that if 200 online home electronics sellers use Semantic Web standards such as RDF to describe their product libraries, Revelytix's software will allow this information to be accessed through SPARQL queries. Online merchants can use browser tools compatible with the W3C standard to search for products on different websites, such as by entering "arrange and display all 42-52-inch flat-screen TVs according to price".
Search engines and some third-party online shopping sites can provide product comparisons, but these comparisons are limited to the attributes of the searched results. Shoppers often find that the data provided by third parties is outdated or even incorrect, such as being unable to accurately provide valid size and color information. Standard-based cross-site queries can provide shoppers with richer comparison information and updated introduction information provided by the merchants themselves.
Lee Feigenbaum, co-leader of the W3C SPARQL working group, said that the W3C SPARQL working group is currently developing SPARQL service descriptions, aimed at standardizing the way data is provided by SPARQL "terminals" or information sources, and in particular specifying how to describe the type and amount of data.
Modules and software tools
Tools, platforms, pre-built components, and services can effectively shorten deployment time, reduce technical complexity, and reduce costs.
Jena is an open source Java architecture for developing semantic web applications. It includes RDF, RDFS and OWL APIs, a SPARQL query engine and an inference engine. Sesame is an open source architecture for storing, reasoning and querying RDF data.
Mainstream Semantic Web platforms all have a "knowledge base" for describing common terms, concepts, and acronyms, allowing users to create an ontology knowledge base when using it. Seth Redmore, vice president of product management at Lexalytics, said: "Customer needs are often contradictory: let the platform feed back accurate information and compile it to make it more suitable for your business.
To resolve this contradiction, Lexalytics chose to sell their semantic platform mainly to service providers, who then fine-tuned specific business areas and applications. Thomson Reuters ’machine-readable news service is a good example.
Some platform manufacturers have launched solutions specifically for business. For example, Endeca has launched an application development toolkit for e-commerce and enterprise semantic applications.
In addition, there are tools that can automatically integrate semantic metadata and W3C standards into existing information repositories. According to Lang, Revelytix's Spyder tool can automatically convert structured and unstructured data into RDF. As a SPARQL terminal that can be accessed by a SPARQL-compatible browser, it can display this information on a web page.
An open source tool called D2RQ can map the selected database to the RDF and OWL ontology knowledge bases, allowing SPARQL-compatible applications to access these data,
Revelytix also introduced a W3C-compliant knowledge base module called Knoodl.com. This module is a wiki-based architecture, mainly to help technical experts and business users jointly develop a semantic vocabulary to describe and guide special information on different websites. Lang said that relevant communities can access, share and select relevant information through Knoodl.com.
Lee Bryant, director of the European business department of the consulting company Dachis Group, said that they have developed an architecture called Social Business Design, which aims to help users collaborate and share ideas, and then limit and clarify the data in a business institution or community. meaning.
All these products can greatly reduce the research and development tasks of the semantic infrastructure. For example, Eric Juin, director of electronic services and knowledge management at Bouygues Architects, said that through Sinequa's semantic platform Context Engine, they established a semantic system with a large scale within six months.
Juin said that the Buig Construction Group has developed a semantic search application that can help employees quickly access information in internal systems and external Internet. He said that Context Engine can find the relevant people and concepts they are looking for from the massive documents such as meeting minutes, product manuals, training materials and project documents. The platform includes a "Universal Semantic Dictionary" that contains common vocabulary and terms, and can be converted between multiple languages. For example, French employees can perform semantic searches in German documents.
In addition, special business acronyms and terms can also be added manually, but this needs to be done by semantic experts and business users. Juin said that because the semantic engine can use other relevant vocabulary to determine terms for specific topics, his team has only added a small number of keyword definitions.
Choose SaaS
For those companies that lack internal resources to build their own Semantic Web infrastructure, they can choose to provide semantic services from third parties like Alpha Equity Management.
In addition to providing machine-readable news services, service provider Thomson Reuters also provides a service called OpenCalais. The service can create semantic metadata for content submitted by customers. According to Thomas Tague, vice president of Thomson Reuters, customers can deploy tagged content for search, news aggregation, blogs, directories, and applications.
OpenCalais includes a free toolkit, users can create their own semantic infrastructure and metadata, and establish links with other network providers. Tague said the service currently processes more than 5 million documents per day.
DNA13, Lithium technology and Cymfony are semantic service providers, providing query, collection and analysis of online news, social media, and helping users in the fields of brand, reputation management, customer relationship management and marketing.
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