Shipborne drone high-rate data transmission technology

The transmission capability of the UAV data link generally refers to the downlink transmission rate, which mainly depends on the resolution of the task sensor, the frame rate, the scope of the data link, the device size, and the installation conditions. Foreign UAV line-of-sight data link transmission rates are generally 1.544 megabits per second, 8.144 megabits per second and 10.71 megabits per second, which can meet the needs of general tactical reconnaissance and surveillance. In the future, as the synthetic aperture radar, airborne early warning radar and high-resolution, multi-spectral, multiple combinations of sensor devices applications, data transmission rate on a UAV would be 1.48 per 3,000, even more, to no The transmission rate and capacity of the human-machine data chain put forward higher requirements.

In order to adapt to the development of high-resolution, multi-spectral and multi-combined sensors, it is necessary to greatly improve the transmission capacity of the data link and strengthen the research of the following technologies:

(1) "Four-in-one" integrated channel technology : "4-in-1" integrated channel system refers to the unified carrier system for tracking, telemetry, remote control and information transmission, that is, video information transmission and telemetry share one channel, using video and telemetry The signal is tracked and angled, and the distance is measured by remote control and telemetry. There are two ways to share channels between video and telemetry: one is analog video signal and telemetry data subcarrier frequency division transmission; the other is digital video data and telemetry composite data transmission. The "four sets one" integrated channel system can solve the problem of high precision automatic tracking of antennas that directly receive wideband modulated signals.

(2) Video compression coding technology: refers to the use of strong correlation of video image data, the redundant information is divided into spatial redundancy information and time domain redundancy information, and the compression technology is to remove redundant information in the data ( removing data) Correlation between the two ) compression techniques include intra-frame image data compression techniques, inter-frame image data compression techniques, and entropy coding compression techniques. According to the characteristics of UAV use, high-definition video digital compression coding technology with low storage overhead ( suitable for airborne conditions ) , strong real-time performance ( small delay ) , and good image quality ( small distortion ) should be studied .

( 3 ) Laser communication data link technology: The laser communication data link can provide a much larger data transmission rate than the existing microwave communication link, and foreign related technologies can transmit millions of megabits of data per second. By 2030 , drone measurement and control systems need to achieve data rates of 500 megabits per second ( line of sight ) or more, and high-speed data links between satellite relay links and drones will need to provide higher data transmission capabilities. This can make breakthroughs in the new optical communication system and carry out practical research.

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