The agricultural Internet of Things participates in the Internet of Things in automatic control through real-time display of various instruments or as a parameter of automatic control. It can provide scientific basis for precise regulation of greenhouses, and achieve the purpose of increasing production, improving quality, regulating growth cycle and improving economic benefits.
The general application of the agricultural Internet of Things is to construct a monitoring network with a large number of sensor nodes, collect information through various sensors, help farmers to find problems in time, and accurately determine the location of the problem, so that agriculture will gradually become human-centered and dependent. The production model of isolated machinery has shifted to an information- and software-centric production model, thus making extensive use of various automated, intelligent, remote-controlled production equipment.
Principle of agricultural internet of thingsOn the basis of the computer Internet, using RFID, wireless data communication and other technologies, we will construct an "Internet of Things" that covers everything in the world. In this network, items (goods) can “communicate†with each other without human intervention. Its essence is to use the radio frequency automatic identification (RFID) technology to realize the automatic identification of items (goods) and the interconnection and sharing of information through the computer Internet.
Real-time monitoring
Real-time collection of air temperature, air humidity, carbon dioxide, light, soil moisture, soil temperature, outdoor temperature and wind speed in the greenhouse (greenhouse) through the sensing device; data is transmitted to the service management platform through the mobile communication network, service management The platform analyzes and processes the data.
Remote control function
For the greenhouses with better conditions, electromechanical equipment such as electric roller blinds, exhaust fans, electric irrigation systems, etc. can be installed to realize remote control functions. Farmers can log in to the system through mobile phone or computer to control the switch of water valve, exhaust fan and roller blind in the greenhouse. The control logic can also be set. The system will automatically open or close the roller blind, water valve and fan according to internal and external conditions. Waiting for large shed mechanical and electrical equipment.
Query function
After the farmer uses the mobile phone or computer to log in to the system, he can query the environmental parameters, historical temperature and humidity curve, historical mechanical and electrical equipment operation records, historical photos and other information in the greenhouse (greenhouse) in real time. After logging in the system, you can also query the local agricultural policy. , market conditions, supply and demand information, expert notices, etc., to achieve targeted comprehensive information services.
Warning function
The warning function must be pre-set to the upper and lower limits of the appropriate conditions, which can be modified according to changes in crop types, growth cycles and seasons. When a certain data exceeds the limit, the system immediately sends a warning message to the corresponding farmer, prompting the farmer to take timely measures.
1. Scientific cultivation: After analyzing the sensor data, it can be concluded that the soil is suitable for cultivation, and the climate environment sensor can collect the crop growth environment data in real time.
2. Precise control: After various sensors are arranged, the system quickly adjusts the temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity of the cultivation base according to the request of crop growth.
3. Progressive power: Unlike traditional agricultural cultivation methods, the Internet of Agriculture cultivation methods have completely completed the system of intelligentization and long-distance. More precise and efficient than the manual cultivation mode.
4. Green agriculture: It is difficult for traditional agriculture to record all the monitoring data in the cultivation process, and IoT agriculture can save all monitoring data through various monitoring sensors and network systems, so as to facilitate the traceability of agricultural commodities and complete agriculture. The green produced is harmless.
In the process of agricultural production, to complete the Internet of Things, where people, people and things, things and things are connected, various sensing devices and identification technologies can be used to record the growth process, maturity time, transportation process, storage environment, etc. of crops. Information to ensure the safety of agricultural and livestock products and food. In the field of agricultural products and food distribution, the application of various identification technologies and sensor networks can carry out intelligent monitoring of agricultural products from farm to table, from production to circulation. Between different supply chains, the food traceability system completes the seamless integration of agricultural and livestock products and food quality information, not only enabling the digital transport of agricultural and livestock products and food, but also the quality of agricultural and livestock products and food. It has been improved to a large extent.
1. Detection and prevention of agricultural pests and diseasesThe pests and diseases that occur during the growth of crops will have a significant impact on the production of agriculture. In places where disasters occur severely, crops will be reduced to a large extent, and the quality of agricultural products will also be significantly reduced. In places where pests and diseases occur, agricultural products cannot be exported to other countries because of their high risk, and they cannot be sold in the domestic market. The occurrence of pests and diseases will not only affect the rapid development of the agricultural commodity economy, but also slow down the quality of people's living standards and the improvement of physical health. Therefore, in a certain sense, the pests and diseases of crops not only hinder the rapid development of local local economy, but also have a major impact on China's grain output and quality, food safety and health. So far, a wide variety of pests, especially the same pests that are more harmful at the same time, may affect the growth of a variety of crops to a large extent.
In response to a series of pest and disease disasters in agricultural production, in the agricultural pest information monitoring system, the Internet of Things has completed monitoring and transmission of information on pests and diseases 24 hours a day by using various monitoring sensors with pest sensing functions. collect. From the overall structure, the key to the agricultural pest information monitoring information system is mainly divided into four parts: the design of network-aware nodes, the collection of monitoring information, sensing technology, wireless communication technology and intelligent data processing [9]. The most important means of traditional pest monitoring is the use of chemical information exchange and physical reactions between insects. Sex attractants and black light are commonly used. However, this monitoring method has many drawbacks. It not only takes a lot of time, but also requires more human and material support. What is more serious is that the collected pest data utilization rate is very low. In order to avoid such drawbacks, the information monitoring system obtains relevant information based on the fever of the pest population density, and combines it with traditional monitoring techniques. Modern information technology such as sensor technology, sound signal technology and 3S technology can not only automatically monitor and count various pests and diseases in agricultural production, but also make average application of pesticides and fertilizers per acre. The dosage is reduced to more than 10%, and the yield is increased to 5%-10%.
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