1. Direct-type full-range speakers try to avoid the interface reflection direct-type speaker is a speaker that directly radiates sound directly. In theory, it is a speaker that is directly coupled with air by a speaker; in appearance, it is a speaker bell mouth. Speakers that are set directly outward. This type of speaker mainly relies on the radiation characteristics of the sound wave, so that the speaker directly sends sound energy to the space. Under normal circumstances, the direct-radiation speaker's bass radiation angle is larger than the high-pitched radiation angle. If the speaker is placed directly on the ground, the bass is reflected on the ground and transmitted to the listener. At this time, due to the direct transmission from the speaker. The distance that the sound has traveled is shorter than the distance that the reflected sound has traveled. The direct sound of the speaker's bass reaches the human ear in advance, and the reflected sound then reaches the human ear. The phenomenon of the bass “first come and then come†will appear, resulting in a bass ghost. As we all know, the amount of bass components has a great influence on the clarity and intelligibility of the sound, and the bass itself has a sense of turbidity. If the bass is ghosted, it will make the sound sound more turbid.
—There is a turbid sound when there is a bass sound. The main reason is that there are too many reflected sound components of the bass and there is a serious ghost phenomenon in the bass. In order to fully reduce the adverse effects of bass reverberation, the following two measures should be taken when placing a direct-fire subwoofer—:
First, do not place the speaker directly on the ground or in a tight * corner position. It is best to use a metal frame to raise the speaker height by 40cm. The above position is placed at a distance of more than 40cm from the side wall, and the distance from the rear wall is more than 20cm. The reflective interface is farther away, so the bass reverberation is significantly reduced.
Second, if the ground in front of the speaker is a strong reflective material (hard and smooth material, such as marble, granite floor), when the speaker is placed directly on the ground, you can also take the sound-absorbing carpet in front of the speaker to absorb the reflected sound of the bass. . But the bass cannot be fully absorbed, and there is still a small amount of reflection.
2. The airflow subwoofer can use the ground-reflecting airflow speaker, which is a speaker that does not directly radiate out the sound of the speaker. In technical terms, it is a speaker that is not directly coupled to the air by the speaker diaphragm (paper cone). In the field of professional audio, airflow speakers are generally subwoofers. Modern airflow subwoofers use advanced aerodynamics to take advantage of the large diaphragm vibrations that can only be produced by the bass. A strong airflow change is achieved, and this airflow change is used to enhance the bass. The airflow subwoofer not only makes the bass farther due to the aerodynamic characteristics, but also makes the bass more beautiful because of its excellent acoustic characteristics. At present, the technical theory of the typical airflow subwoofer has the theory of airflow group of the British EV company. BOSE's quality block theory. According to the author, these two theories are similar, but they are only slightly different in the perspective of the physical phenomena of analysis and interpretation.
The airflow subwoofer can be easily identified from the outside. It is a subwoofer with the back facing outwards and the front facing inwards (there can also be placed directly on the ground. But in general, if the airflow subwoofer is It will work better on the ground, because the airflow subwoofer uses airflow, so the bass has a certain directivity (this is the typical Ev company view), even if there is acoustic radiation, but even if there is acoustic radiation, The proportion of the components of the acoustic auxiliary is also very small, so the reflected sound content after reaching the reflective interface is also small, and the bass reflex volume is moderate. The subwoofer is placed directly on the ground. It can fully exert the role of the ground, which is equivalent to using the ground as The extension of the bass horn and such a large bass horn make the sound resistance of the lower limit frequency of the speaker more closely match, and the bass sounds thicker and fuller.
3. The listening area should fully obtain the direct sound of the speaker. The direct sound is from the speaker directly to the listener. Its main feature is pure tone, that is, what kind of sound is emitted by the speaker, and what kind of sound is heard by the listener. The direct sound does not reflect through the wall, floor and top of the room. There is no acoustic defect caused by the reflection of the sound from the interior decoration material. It is also not affected by the indoor acoustic environment, so the sound quality is guaranteed. Sound fidelity is high. An important principle in modern room acoustic design is that the listening area makes full use of the direct sound from the speakers and tries to control the reflected sound.
As far as a room is concerned, the method of determining whether the listening area can obtain the direct sound from all the speakers is very simple, and the visual method is generally used. In the listening area, if the listener can see the whole of all the speakers, and it is located in the area where all the boxes are connected together, the sound of the speaker can be obtained. In the general situation. Speaker hanging is the best way to get direct sound in the room, but sometimes due to the low floor space and limited space, hanging speakers may be subject to certain restrictions, but I believe. If you have the conditions, it is best to hang the speaker. Many speakers have a high-pitched angle that is within 60 degrees and a horizontal pointing angle. The vertical pointing angle is small. If the listening area is not within the pointing angle of the horn, the direct sound of the horn cannot be obtained. Therefore, when the speaker is placed horizontally, the tweeter axis should be consistent with the level of the listener's ear. When the speaker is hung, adjust the angle of the tilt to avoid affecting the high-pitched listening effect.
In room acoustics, the limit of direct sound equal to reflected sound is called the reverberation radius. With a simple calculation, you can know the reverberation radius of a room. If the listening area is within the reverberation radius of the speaker, it means that the amount of direct sound from the speaker is higher than the amount of sound reflected from the room, and the listener can get enough speaker direct sound.
4. The speaker is placed symmetrically with the center axis of the room. The requirement for the indoor acoustic environment is that the symmetry of the building must be consistent with the acoustic symmetry of the room. The speaker should be placed symmetrically with the central axis of the room. Only by achieving the consistency of architectural symmetry and acoustic symmetry can an ideal, harmonious and symmetrical sound field be provided for the interior. If the speaker is placed asymmetrically with the room, that is, the two speakers are biased to one side of the room, there will be many problems in playback. Although these problems can be compensated by electroacoustic compensation, it is best. Still should try to avoid a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of placement.
Some rooms themselves are asymmetric internal structures or decoration structures. The room acoustics are already asymmetrical. The speaker placement can only be as symmetrical as possible. So, what problems will the sound field asymmetry cause? The following analysis.
When you use the effect to add effects to the sound, you will find that the reverberation effect of the speaker with a far wall is more obvious than that of a speaker that is closer to the wall. This is because the sound reproduction space in front of the speaker farther from the wall. The volume is larger, and the longer the reverberation time is, the larger the volume is. Of course, the sense of reverberation is stronger; while the space in front of the speaker farther from the wall is smaller, the sense of reverberation must be weaker.
An important requirement of the acoustic characteristics of the hall is to create a uniform sound field. That is, the volume of each position in the sound field cannot be too different. If the sound field is not uniform, the consistency of the volume and the tone of the listening area will be deteriorated. When the speaker is placed asymmetrically, it will cause less reflection of the early reflection sound of the speaker facing the larger space, smaller volume, and the effect of the early reflection sound of the speaker facing the smaller space, and the volume is large. The sound field uniformity is destroyed.
The asymmetric structure causes the left and right channel volume and tone to be unbalanced, and the sound imbalance is a taboo for the stereo playback system. In the stereo playback, the balance of the left and right channels is very strict. Once the left and right channel volume and tone are unbalanced, the phenomenon that the sound image is shifted to the left or right will cause the stereo sound field to be damaged. There is a clear sense of weightlessness. When playing stereo music with great scenes, it can't reflect the overall beauty and harmony of music. The appeal of art can't reach the desired effect. Home Theater Network
5. The volume of the speaker cabinet should be appropriate to the volume of the room. When using a large cabinet to play sound in a small room, pay attention to whether the volume of the cabinet is appropriate with the volume of the room (ie, the length of the room × width × height). A large-volume speaker is installed in the room, which not only has a visual dissonance, but also may cause some problems in terms of sound effects.
One is that the amount of reflected sound, especially the early reflected sound, is too much, making the sound turbid and the sound image confusing. When the cabinet is large, the sound radiation range and angle of the speaker are large. If it is placed in a relatively small room, a large number of fast and multiple reflections will appear. A large amount of early reflections can cause severe multi-ghosting of sound, and excessive reflections will inevitably lead to a series of sound quality problems such as poor sound clarity.
The second is to affect the lower limit frequency of the reproduced bass, and the lower frequency sound cannot be delivered. Generally speaking, the lower limit frequency of the speaker with larger cabinet is lower, but the lower limit frequency of the bass that can be reproduced in one room is limited by the volume of the room. The larger the volume of the room, the lower the lower limit frequency; the smaller the room volume, the lower limit The higher the frequency. The bass lower limit frequency reproduced by a room can be calculated by the minimum volume formula. If the room volume is small, even if the bass lower limit frequency of the speaker is lower, it is difficult to fully exert it.
Third, the pronunciation efficiency of the speaker is reduced, and the maximum sound pressure level is less than expected. When the speaker delivers sound to the space, the sound of the room spreads everywhere, so that the sound energy of each room reaches a uniform state. Of course, it will also spread to the speaker. If the volume of the speaker box is close to the volume of the room, the sound energy of the room will flow back to the inside of the speaker, which will offset the energy sent by some speakers, and the sound delivered by the speaker will not reach the expected volume.
Therefore, it is best to use a small box speaker for playback in a small room, and a large room can be played by using a large box speaker or a combination of multiple speakers. In a small room, the potential of a large-volume speaker may not be fully utilized, and sometimes the sound quality is not ideal.
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